Postoperative Care and Management in Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Patients

Pediatric patients with hematologic and oncologic diseases often undergo surgical procedures as part of diagnosis and therapy. These include central venous catheter placements, tumor resections, lymph node and bone marrow biopsies, among others. Optimal postoperative care in this vulnerable population is critical, as children receiving chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation are immunocompromised and at high risk for infections, bleeding, and other complications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of common pediatric hemato-oncologic surgeries and detailed postoperative management strategies. A thorough, multidisciplinary postoperative plan is essential for pediatric hematology-oncology patients to minimize morbidity, avoid delays in adjuvant therapy, and ultimately enhance survival and quality of life.