Psychological aspects of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease

Children with IBD appear to be at risk for more difficulties in psychosocial functioning than healthy children, although only a subset have clinically significant problems. The difficulty experienced by children with IBD is generally similar to that experienced in other chronic health conditions. Depressive and anxiety disorders are most common. Disease severity has not been consistently associated with behavioral/emotional functioning, and this may be due to differences in coping strategies and family/social supports. Children with IBD also appear to be at risk for difficulties in social functioning and self-esteem, with a subset having clinically significant problems. Onset of IBD during adolescence may be particularly detrimental to social functioning. Mixed results have been found in the areas of family dysfunction and body image, and limited research exists in the areas of stress and coping, education, and eating problems. Psychotherapy has been shown to be effective in treating depression in adolescents with IBD, and mental health professionals have expertise in many areas that can benefit children with IBD. Camps, support groups, and websites are additional resources for improved psychosocial functioning.