Project Details
Description
SUMMARY
Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and peritoneal metastases (PM) have significantly worse outcomes than
metastases to other sites like the lungs or liver. In patients with a limited volume of disease based on an
intraoperatively calculated peritoneal carcinomatosis index (PCI) of less than 20, cytoreductive surgery (CRS)
with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion (HIPEC) may provide a survival benefit. Unfortunately, only a
minority of patients are candidates for CRS+HIPEC, and even in patients that undergo CRS + HIPEC, there is
almost universal cancer recurrence. There is a critical need for novel therapeutic strategies, including
regional delivery of anti-tumor agents in patients with CRC PM.
Although 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and oxaliplatin forms the foundation of intravenous (IV) systemic therapy for
patients with metastatic CRC, poor penetration and efficacy of IV chemotherapy in the peritoneum leads to
much poorer outcomes. In animal models, chemotherapies such as 5FU have higher intra-tumoral
concentrations and longer half-lives when administered directly to the peritoneal cavity compared to IV
administration, making intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy an attractive treatment modality. While small pilot
studies of IP 5FU from the 1980s and 90s showed promising efficacy, no systematic trials have been
conducted to assess the feasibility of IP chemotherapy in patients with CRC and unresectable PM, and none
using the modern chemotherapy combination of 5-FU + oxaliplatin. Furthermore, there have been no studies
on the effects of IP 5FU+oxaliplatin on stimulating an anti-tumor immune response.
To address these knowledge gaps, we have designed a phase-1 dose-escalation trial of 5FU and oxaliplatin
administered IP in patients with CRC and PM not eligible for CRS+HIPEC due to PCI > 20. This trial will use
the Bayesian optimal interval design (BOIN) to determine the maximally tolerated dose (MTD), with 6 additional
patients treated at the MTD for additional safety, response, and correlative analyses. Patients will undergo a
diagnostic laparoscopy with tumor biopsy at baseline and again after 4 cycles of IP chemotherapy. PCI is
calculated intraoperatively at each diagnostic laparoscopy. Imaging as per SOC will be performed every 2
cycles, and response assessed by RECIST 1.1. Markers for tumor response and immune phenotype will be
analyzed by spectral flow cytometry on tumor and blood samples. Our central hypothesis is that IP
5FU+oxaliplatin will be safe, lead to direct cytotoxicity, and stimulate anti-tumor immune responses due to
immunogenic cell death. Additionally, local administration of chemotherapy may avoid the systemic
immunosuppressive effects of systemic chemotherapy. If successful, this research will form the foundation of
larger efficacy trials to optimize IP chemotherapy alone or in combination with immune-modulating agents, and
ultimately, offers the potential to improve outcomes for a population of patients with poor survival, limited
treatment options, and significant morbidity using affordable and widely available chemotherapy agents.
Status | Active |
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Effective start/end date | 09/12/23 → 08/31/25 |
Funding
- National Cancer Institute: $336,425.00
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