33.4 A Multi-Loop Neuromodulation Chipset Network with Frequency-Interleaving Front-End and Explainable AI for Memory Studies in Freely Behaving Monkeys

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a common cause of dementia, affects over 30 million people worldwide and accounts for more than 1% of the global GDP [1]. Given that age is a significant risk factor, the number of AD patients is projected to double in the next two decades. While there is currently no cure for AD, increasing evidence suggests that electrical brain stimulation is a potential treatment [2]. The hippocampus (HC) is a critical brain region that exhibits specific rhythmic neural activities during memory encoding and consolidation. In-phase stimulation has the potential to entrain and amplify these rhythms, thereby enhancing memory formation and retrieval. Consequently, innovative stimulation protocols are being developed to treat AD by modulating the HC and its associated brain regions.